![]() Moreover, under conditions of scarcity and international anarchy, morality is regarded as a statesperson’s folly. That is, one state’s gain is another state’s loss. Power politics is the name of the game and the game is zero-sum. States’ survival strategies are based on amassing power and forming alliances against any state that threatens to upset the existing balance of power. Rational, calculating, and egoistic states are the most important actors in a nonhierarchical international system. The conception of the world offered by realists is easy to grasp. ![]() It is realism that has set the boundaries of the discipline, which has meant that IR has traditionally been concerned with the study of the inter-relationships between states. These approaches provide a variety of visions of the world, the most familiar of which is the realist view. The field of International Relations (IR) today contains several general frameworks that seek to explain the workings of international relations and, to varying degrees, to contribute to efforts to move beyond the apparent confines of the current system. Here lies indeed the ultimate theoretical and practical justification for our interest in a theory of international relations.” ![]() Hans Morgenthau once wrote that: “ International relations is something not to be taken for granted, but something to be understood and to be changed and, more particularly, to be changed beyond the present limits of its political structure and organization.
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